World War I Campaigns of 1917

In November 1916, Allied leaders again met at Chantilly to devise plans for the coming year. In their discussions, they determined to renew the fighting on the 1916 Somme battlefield as well as mount an offensive in Flanders designed to clear the Germans from the Belgian coast. These plans were quickly altered when General Robert Nivelle replaced General Joseph Joffre as commander-in-chief of the French Army. One of the heroes of Verdun, Nivelle was an artillery officer who believed that saturation bombardment coupled with creeping barrages could destroy the enemys defenses creating rupture and allowing Allied troops to break through to the open ground in the German rear. As the shattered landscape of the Somme did not offer suitable ground for these tactics, the Allied plan for 1917 came to resemble that of 1915, with offensives planned for Arras in the north and the Aisne in the south. While the Allies debated strategy, the Germans were planning to change their position. Arriving in the West in August 1916, General Paul von Hindenburg and his chief lieutenant, General Erich Ludendorff, began construction of a new set of entrenchments behind the Somme. Formidable in scale and depth, this new Hindenburg Line reduced the length of the German position in France, freeing ten divisions for service elsewhere. Completed in January 1917, German troops began shifting back to the new line in March. Watching the Germans withdraw, Allied troops followed in their wake and constructed a new set of trenches opposite the Hindenburg Line. Fortunately for Nivelle, this movement did not affect the areas targeted for offensive operations (Map). America Enters the Fray In the wake of the Lusitania sinking in 1915, President Woodrow Wilson had demanded that Germany cease its policy of unrestricted submarine warfare. Though the Germans had complied with this, Wilson began efforts to bring the combatants to the negotiating table in 1916. Working through his emissary Colonel Edward House, Wilson even offered the Allies American military intervention if they would accept his conditions for a peace conference before the Germans. Despite this, the United States remained decidedly isolationist at the beginning of 1917 and its citizens were not eager to join what was seen as a European war. Two events in January 1917 set in motion a series of events which brought the nation into the conflict. The first of these was the Zimmermann Telegram which was made public in the United States on March 1. Transmitted in January, the telegram was a message from German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann to the government of Mexico seeking a military alliance in event of war with the United States. In return for attacking the United States, Mexico was promised the return of territory lost during the Mexican-American War (1846-1848), including Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, as well as substantial financial assistance. Intercepted by British naval intelligence and the US State Department, the contents of the message caused widespread outrage among the American people. On December 22, 1916, the Chief of Staff of the Kaiserliche Marine, Admiral Henning von Holtzendorff issued a memorandum calling for the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare. Arguing that victory could only be achieved by attacking Britains maritime supply lines, he was quickly supported by von Hindenburg and Ludendorff. In January 1917, they convinced Kaiser Wilhelm II that the approach was worth the risk of a break with the United States and submarine attacks resumed on February 1. The American reaction was swift and more severe than anticipated in Berlin. On February 26, Wilson asked Congress for permission to arm American merchant ships. In mid-March, three American ships were sunk by German submarines. A direct challenge, Wilson went before a special session of Congress on April 2 declaring that the submarine campaign was a war against all nations and asked that war be declared with Germany. This request was granted on April 6 and subsequent declarations of war were issu ed against Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria. Mobilizing for War Though the United States had joined the fight, it would be some time before American troops could be fielded in large numbers. Numbering only 108,000 men in April 1917, the US Army began a rapid expansion as volunteers enlisted in large numbers and a selective draft instituted. Despite this, it was decided to immediately dispatch an American Expeditionary Force composed of one division and two Marine brigades to France. Command of the new AEF was given to General John J. Pershing. Possessing the second-largest battle fleet in the world, the American naval contribution was more immediate as US battleships joined the British Grand Fleet at Scapa Flow, giving the Allies a decisive and permanent numerical advantage at sea. The U-boat War As the United States mobilized for war, Germany began its U-boat campaign in earnest. In lobbying for unrestricted submarine warfare, Holtzendorff had estimated that sinking 600,000 tons per month for five months would cripple Britain. Rampaging across the Atlantic, his submarines crossed the threshold in April when they sunk 860,334 tons. Desperately seeking to avert disaster, the British Admiralty tried a variety of approaches to stem the losses, including Q ships which were warships disguised as merchantmen. Though initially resisted by the Admiralty, a system of convoys was implemented in late April. The expansion of this system led to reduced losses as the year progressed. While not eliminated, convoys, the expansion of air operations, and mine barriers worked to mitigate the U-boat threat for the remainder of the war. The Battle of Arras On April 9, the commander of the British Expeditionary Force, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, opened the  offensive at Arras. Beginning a week earlier than Nivelles push to the south, it was hoped that Haigs attack would draw German troops away from the French front. Having conducted extensive planning and preparation, the British troops achieved great success on the first day of the offensive. Most notable was the swift capture of Vimy Ridge by General Julian Byngs Canadian Corps. Though advances were achieved, planned pauses in the attack hampered the exploitation of successful assaults. The next day, German reserves appeared on the battlefield and fighting intensified. By April 23, the battle had devolved into the type of attritional stalemate that had become typical of the Western Front. Under pressure to support Nivelles efforts, Haig pressed the offensive as casualties mounted. Finally, on May 23, the battle was brought to an end. Though Vimy Ridge had been taken, the strateg ic situation had not changed dramatically. The Nivelle Offensive To the south, the Germans faired better against Nivelle. Aware that an offensive was coming due to captured documents and loose French talk, the Germans had shifted additional reserves to the area behind the Chemin des Dames ridge in Aisne. In addition, they employed a system of flexible defense which removed the bulk of the defensive troops from the front lines. Having promised victory within forty-eight hours, Nivelle sent his men forward through rain and sleet on April 16. Pressing up the wooded ridge, his men were not able to keep up with the creeping barrage that was intended to protect them. Meeting increasingly heavy resistance, the advance slowed as heavy casualties were sustained. Advancing no more than 600 yards on the first day, the offensive soon became a bloody disaster (Map). By the end of the fifth day, 130,000 casualties (29,000 dead) had been sustained and Nivelle abandoned the attack having advanced around four miles on a sixteen-mile front. For his failure, he was relieved on April 29 and replaced by  General Philippe Pà ©tain. Discontent in the French Ranks In the wake of the failed Nivelle Offensive, a series of mutinies broke out in the French ranks. Though more along the lines of military strikes than traditional mutinies, the unrest manifested itself when fifty-four French divisions (nearly half the army) refused to the return to the front. In those divisions which were affected, there was no violence between the officers and men, simply unwillingness on the part of the rank and file to maintain the status quo. Demands from the mutineers generally were characterized by requests for more leave, better food, better treatment for their families, and a halt to offensive operations. Though known for his abrupt personality, Pà ©tain recognized the severity of the crisis and took a soft hand. Though unable to openly state that offensive operations would be halted, he implied that this would be the case. In addition, he promised more regular and frequent leave, as well as implementing a defense in depth system which required fewer troops in the front lines. While his officers worked to win back the mens obedience, efforts were made to round up the ringleaders. All told, 3,427 men were court-martialed for their roles in the mutinies with forty-nine executed for their crimes. Much to Pà ©tains fortune, the Germans never detected the crisis and remained quiet along the French front. By August, Pà ©tain felt confident enough to conduct minor offensive operations near Verdun, but much to the mens pleasure, no major French offensive occurred prior to July 1918. The British Carry the Load With French forces effectively incapacitated, the British were forced to bear the responsibility for keeping the pressure on the Germans. In the days after the Chemin des Dames debacle, Haig began seeking a way to relieve pressure on the French. He found his answer in plans that General Sir Herbert Plumer had been developing for capturing Messines Ridge near Ypres. Calling for extensive mining under the ridge, the plan was approved and Plumer opened the  Battle of Messines  on June 7. Following a preliminary bombardment, explosives in the mines were detonated vaporizing part of the German front. Swarming forward, Plumers men took the ridge and rapidly achieved the operations objectives. Repelling German counterattacks, British forces built new defensive lines to hold their gains. Concluding on June 14, Messines was one of the few clear-cut victories achieved by either side on the Western Front (Map). The Third Battle of Ypres (Battle of Passchendaele) With the success at Messines, Haig sought to revive his plan for an offensive through the center of the Ypres salient. Intended to first capture the village of Passchendaele,  the offensive  was to break through the German lines and clear them from the coast. In planning the operation, Haig was opposed Prime Minister David Lloyd George who increasingly wished to husband British resources and await the arrival of large numbers of American troops before launching any major offensives on the Western Front. With the support of Georges principal military advisor, General Sir William Robertson, Haig was finally able to secure approval. Opening the battle on July 31, British troops attempted to secure the Gheluvelt Plateau. Subsequent attacks were mounted against Pilckem Ridge and Langemarck. The battlefield, which was largely reclaimed land, soon degenerated into a vast sea of mud as seasonal rains moved through the area. Though the advance was slow, new bite and hold tactics allowed the British to gain ground. These called for short advances supported by massive amounts of artillery. Employment of these tactics secured objectives such as the Menin Road, Polygon Wood, and Broodseinde. Pressing on despite heavy losses and criticism from London, Haig secured Passchendaele on November 6. Fighting subsided four days later (Map). The Third Battle of Ypres became a symbol of the conflicts grinding, attritional warfare and many have debated the need for the offensive. In the fighting, the British had made a maximum effort, sustained over 240,000 casualties, and failed to breach the German defenses. While these losses coul d not be replaced, the Germans had forces in the East to make good their losses. The Battle of Cambrai With the fighting for Passchendaele devolving into a bloody stalemate, Haig approved a plan presented by General Sir Julian Byng for a  combined attack against Cambrai  by the Third Army and the Tank Corps. A new weapon, tanks have not previously been massed in large numbers for an assault. Utilizing a new artillery scheme, Third Army achieved surprise over the Germans on November 20 and made quick gains. Though achieving their initial objectives, Byngs men had difficulty exploiting the success as reinforcements had trouble reaching the front. By the next day, German reserves began arriving and fighting intensified. British troops fought a bitter battle to take control of Bourlon Ridge and by November 28 began digging in to defend their gains. Two days later, German troops, utilizing stormtrooper infiltration tactics, launched a massive counterattack. While the British fought hard to defend the ridge in the north, the Germans made gains in the south. When the fighting ended on De cember 6, the battle had become a draw with each side gaining and losing about the same amount of territory. The fighting at Cambrai effectively brought operations on the Western Front to a close for the winter (Map). In Italy To the south in Italy, the forces of General Luigi Cadorna continued attacks in the Isonzo Valley. Fought in May-June 1917, the Tenth Battle of the Isonzo and gained little ground. Not to be dissuaded, he opened the Eleventh Battle on August 19. Focusing on the Bainsizza Plateau, Italian forces made some gains but could not dislodge the Austro-Hungarian defenders. Suffering 160,000 casualties, the battle badly depleted Austrian forces on the Italian front (Map). Seeking help, Emperor Karl sought reinforcements from Germany. These were forthcoming and soon a total of thirty-five divisions opposed Cadorna. Through years of fighting, the Italians had taken much of the valley, but the Austrians still held two bridgeheads across the river. Utilizing these crossings, German General Otto von Below attacked on October 24, with his troops employing stormtrooper tactics and poison gas. Known as the  Battle of Caporetto, von Belows forces broke into the rear of the Italian Second Army and cau sed Cadornas entire position to collapse. Forced into headlong retreat, the Italians attempted to make a stand at the Tagliamento River but were forced back when the Germans bridged it on November 2. Continuing the retreat, the Italians finally halted behind the Piave River. In achieving his victory, von Below advanced eighty miles and had taken 275,000 prisoners. Revolution in Russia The beginning of 1917 saw troops in the Russian ranks expressing many of the same complaints offered by the French later that year. In the rear, the Russian economy had reached a full war footing, but the boom that resulted brought about rapid inflation and led to the break down of the economy and infrastructure. As food supplies in Petrograd dwindled, unrest increased leading to mass demonstrations and a revolt by the Tsars Guards. At his headquarters in Mogilev, Tsar Nicholas II was initially unconcerned by events in the capital. Beginning on March 8, the February Revolution (Russia still used the Julian calendar) saw the rise of a Provisional Government in Petrograd. Ultimately convinced to abdicate, he stepped down on March 15 and nominated his brother Grand Duke Michael to succeed him. This offer was refused and the Provisional Government took power. Willing to continue the war, this government, in conjunction with the local Soviets, soon appointed Alexander Kerensky Minister of War. Naming General Aleksei Brusilov Chief of Staff, Kerensky worked to restore the spirit of the army. On June 18, the Kerensky Offensive began with Russian troops striking the Austrians with the goal of reaching Lemberg. For the first two days, the Russians advanced before the lead units, believing they had done their part, halted. Reserve units refused to move forward to take their place and mass desertions began (Map). As the Provisional Government faltered at the front, it came under attack from the rear from returning extremists such as Vladimir Lenin. Aided by the Germans, Lenin had arrived back in Russia on April 3. Lenin immediately began speaking at Bolshevik meetings and preaching a program of non-cooperation with the Provisional Government, nationalization, and an end to the war. As the Russian army began to melt away at the front, the Germans took advantage and conducted offensive operations in the north which culminated in the capture of Riga. Becoming prime minister in July, Kerensky sacked Brusilov and replaced him with anti-German General Lavr Kornilov. On August 25, Kornilov ordered troops to occupy Petrograd and disperse the Soviet. Calling for military reforms, including the abolition of Soldiers Soviets and political regiments, Kornilov grew in popularity with Russian moderates. Ultimately maneuvered into attempting a coup, he was removed after its failure. With Kornilovs defeat, Kerensky and the Provisional Government effectively lost their power as Lenin and the Bolsheviks were in the ascent. On November 7, the October Revolution began which saw the Bolsheviks seize power. Taking control, Lenin formed a new government and immediately called for a three-month armistice. Peace in the East Initially wary of dealing with the revolutionaries, the Germans and Austrians finally agreed to meet with Lenins representatives in December. Opening peace negotiations at Brest-Litovsk, the Germans demanded independence for Poland and Lithuania, while the Bolsheviks wished for peace without annexations or indemnities. Though in a weak position, the Bolsheviks continued to stall. Frustrated, the Germans announced in February that they would suspend the armistice unless their terms were accepted and take as much of Russia as they desired. On February 18, German forces began advancing. Meeting no resistance, they seized much of the Baltic countries, Ukraine, and Belarus. Panic-struck, Bolshevik leaders ordered their delegation to accept Germanys terms immediately. While the  Treaty of Brest-Litovsk  took Russia out of the war, it cost the nation 290,000 square miles of territory, as well as a quarter of its population and industrial resources.

German History The Holocaust - 2588 Words

Germany Research Paper Germany had many huge problems throughout their years as a country, but one major problem that made a huge impact was the Holocaust. The Holocaust refers to the period January 30, 1933 when Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany. Then in May 8th, 1945, the war officially ended. It all started after its defeat in World War I, Germany was humiliated by the Versailles Treaty, which reduced its prewar territory, drastically reduced its armed forces, demanded the recognition of its guilt for the war, and stipulated it pay reparations to the allied powers. â€Å"With the German Empire destroyed, a new parliamentary government called the†¦show more content†¦The term Holocaust, originally from the Greek word holokauston which means sacrifice by fire, refers to the Nazis persecution and planned slaughter of the Jewish people. The Holocaust began in 1933 when Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany. In 1933, the Jewish population of Europe stood at over nine million. Most European Jews lived in countries that Nazi Germany would occupy or influence during World War II. By 1945, the Germans and their collaboraters killed nearly two out of every three European Jews as part of the Final Solution, the Nazi policy to murder the Jews of Europe. Although Jews, whom the Nazis deemed a priority danger to Germany, were the primary victims of Nazi racism, other victims included some 200,000 Roma. At least 200,000 mentally or physically disabled patients, mainly Germans, living in institutional settings, were murdered in the so-called Euthanasia Program. Jews also revolted in the death camps of Sobibor, Treblinka and Auschwitz. All of these acts of resistance were largely unsuccessful in the face of the superior German forces, but they were very important spiritually, giving the Jews hope that one day the Nazis would be defeated. The camps were liberated gradually, as the Allies advanced on the German army. 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Telenor Sales Report free essay sample

Telenor Pakistan Sales Management Report Submitted By: Humair Ahmed Khan Kandhari M. Moiz-Ul-Haq Submitted to: Mr. Javed Mehmood Contents Acknowledgement3 Vision and Values4 Company Overview4 Telenor Products and services6 Products6 Services7 The Competition9 The Hierarchy11 Departments within different regions11 The Sales Channels12 The Sales Hierarchy14 Selling Methodology15 Prospecting15 Qualifying15 Foot in the door15 Presenting the sales pitch15 Closing the Deal16 Follow Up16 Sales Forecasting17 Sales Budgeting17 Compensation18 Employee Motivation18 Reward System18 Compensation and benefit plans18 Salary policy19 Performance Appraisal System19 Frequency of the Performance Review19 Practices at Telenor for Performance Appraisal System20 Performance Review20 Recommendations23 Appendix24 Acknowledgement We extend my heartfelt gratitude to Telenor Pakistan for this wonderful opportunity and experience. We would specially like to thank Ms. Saadia Pervez, Area Manager, South 1, Mr. Athar Ali Shah, MNP Executive, Mr. Muhammad Raza, Postpaid Executive and the Sales Distribution Department specially the Operations Team for helping us on our report. Most importantly, we are grateful to the Mr. Javed Mehmood and the Institute of Business Administration for empowering us with enlightening education that is constantly being reinforced by all our experiences with the professional world. We thank everyone sincerely and deeply. Vision and Values The vision of Telenor is: â€Å"Were here to help† Telenor deeply focuses on facilitating its customers to get full benefits through the different communications services. A lot of credit to achieving this goal needs to be given to the Telenor sales team. The vigilance and dedication with which they work enables that Telenor remains accessible at even the most distant places in Pakistan. Telenor’s four core values provide the guiding principle for their entire sales team. The core values are: * Make it Easy * Keep Promises * Be Inspiring * Be Respectful From the perspective of the sales team their main task is to make it easy for Telenor’s products and services to reach the customers and deliver the promises that the company makes. Amongst the sales team the seniors or the team leads lead from the front and inspire the best performance out of their teams. But in the entire process the sales persons are required to respect each other irrespective of their rank, status, caste, influence or any other factor. These core values are made an integral part of the culture at Telenor through constant trainings of the employees so that these values are ingrained in their every activity. Company Overview Telenor Pakistan acquired a GSM license in 2004 and began commercial operations on March 15, 2005. At the end of May 2010 it had a reported subscriber base of 23. 65 million, and a market share of 24% making it the countrys second largest mobile operator. Telenor Pakistan is the countrys single largest European investor, with investments in excess of US$2 billion. Telenor Pakistan is 100% owned by the Telenor Group, an international provider of high quality voice, data, content and communication services in 14 markets across Europe and Asia. Telenor Group is among the largest mobile operators in the world with over 195 million mobile subscriptions in 2010 and a workforce of approximately 34,000. Offering mobile financial services In November 2008, Telenor Pakistan acquired 51% of Tameer Microfinance Bank. In 2009 Easypaisa was launched. This made Telenor first telecom operator in Pakistan to partner with a bank to offer mobile financial services. Contributing to Pakistans economy The Company continues to contribute to Pakistans economy. Here are some of the key features: * Telenor has created 2,500 direct and 25,000 plus indirect jobs. * Expansion of Telenor’s sales network has resulted in 29 sales ; service centers, more than 250 franchises and around 150,000 retailers. This has provided means to livelihood to thousands. * For 2010 it is estimated that Telenor Pakistan contributed around Rs30 billion in various forms of direct and indirect taxes to the economy of Pakistan. Internet service provider Telenor Pakistan provides wide EDGE connectivity across the country. It has one of the largest data networks (GPRS) in Pakistan providing Internet services to customers. Environmentally conscious Telenor Pakistan has taken and continues to implement a number of environmentally-friendly initiatives. These include mainstreaming energy efficiency and alternate energy solutions, and implementing occupational health ; safety practices that comply with international standards. In January 2010, Telenor became the first telecom operator in Pakistan to receive ISO/IEC 27001:2005 certification for Information Security Management System for mobile banking services. Corporate Responsibility Khuddar Pakistan is Telenor flagship corporate responsibility program. This program aims to create dignified opportunities for persons with disabilities. The purpose is to become the most disabled-friendly organization in Pakistan in terms of employment, service, and community support. Telenor Products and services Products Telenor provide products of two types 1. Prepaid 2. Postpaid Prepaid packages are * Dejuice * Talkshawk The prepaid customers after purchasing the connection need to pay upfront for the service charges. These charges can be paid through the scratch card or easy load facility that is available at retail stores. The sales teams ensure that both these facilities are available at the maximum number of retail outlets. To ensure availability, the retailers are offered several incentives. For instance under one of the schemes the retailer was given a particular target to achieve for the month and on achieving this target certain gifts were given to him. Once a target is achieved it is revised and a new target is assigned. On achieving three months targets a bigger price such as motorcycle or television were kept. The key for the sales team is to maintain strong relationship with the retailers. The sales people in the telecom sector are considered fortunate since retailers are often very keen to keep their scratch cards and easy load. This makes it imperative for the team leads to continuously reminding the sales team that no matter what they need to respect and maintain a strong bond with the channel members. Postpaid offers are * Persona individual * Persona karobar Bills are sent to the postpaid customers who pay their dues just like any utility bill. Usually corporate purchase the persona packages for their individual or company needs. For the sales corporate sales is challenge. Sales person have to visit several companies and individuals whom they prospect to be their customer. Services Apart from the usual communications services, Telenor Group provides a wide range of innovative services. Here is a selection. Mobile Fun Following are the mobile fun service of Telenor. Mobile Sports Sends a text message alerting about a sportive highlight at the instant it happens. Mobile Music The Telenor music service allows around 1 million songs ready to be downloaded to the mobile. These songs can easily be shared by the customer because these songs are digital rights management-free. Mobile TV The customer has available his favorite TV shows in his pocket and watch them anytime, anywhere. Live TV channels can also be accessed on the move by the customer through the fast EDGE internet service of Telenor. Mobile Communities With Telenor the customer can access communities such as Windows Live MSN and Facebook on his mobile. Mobile Interaction Following are mobile interaction services providing by Telenor. ApnaPCO Share a Mobile ApnaPCO is a business-in-a-box solution, which allows people in remote areas to share a mobile phone where there are no other alternatives. TeleDoctors Through Telenor the customers can get expert medical advise by simply dialing 1911. This connects the customer with experienced doctors who can help him with his problems wherever he is in the country. Mobile in Flight The consumer can call your colleagues, customers, friends and family whilst in flight from his mobile phone using AeroMobile secure mobile communication technology. Mobile at Sea Maritime Communications Partner enables mobile phone coverage by installing and operating the ship borne radio networks, linking the vessels with public networks via satellite. Mobile Marketing The customer needs to register his phone number with his favorite shops and services. This will allow him to receive sms’s regarding the latest events and offers. Child Internet Protection The Security Shield technology offered by Telenor protects children from accessing sites that have not previously been approved or from coming into contact with unsuitable people on the Internet. Children have their own login with a protected desktop controlled by parents. Mobile Commerce Mobile commerce services of Telenor are as follow: Easy Paisa Easy paisa is a unique service offered by telenor. This service allows the customer to send your mony nationwide. The customer just needs to present his id at the Easy Paisa outlet and his money can be transferred to the desired person within seconds who can collect it from his nearest easy paisa outlet. CellBazaar Marketplace in Your Pocket This service has truly bridged the gap between the urban and rural areas by making trade very convenient between them. Using CellBazaar, buyers and sellers in Pakistan can trade basic goods from their mobile phones. BillPay Pay by Phone BillPay is an innovative service, the first of its kind in Pakistan. This service provides for the bill payment of utilities services and for other companies electronically via the cell phone. Customers can pay their utility bills and other bills through this service regardless of whether they own a mobile connection or not. The Competition The telecommunications sector of Pakistan has seen tremendous growth over the last decade. From a subscriber base of merely 0. 3 million the number of telecom users has exploded to over 90 million users. The growth has stalled over the last couple of years due to market saturation and general drop in the income levels of the country. There are five prominent mobile operators that are currently active in Pakistan: 1. Mobilink is the market leader with a market share of 33%. The market share for Mobilink has gradually eroded due to competition coming in. However due to its strength in the corporate sales it still sits comfortably at the top. The prominent products for Mobilink include: a. Jazz- Prepaid b. Indigo- Postpaid 2. Telenor has the second highest market share in terms of subscribers of 24%. 3. Ufone has a market share of 19% and is known for its strong marketing campaigns. Ufone is the closest competitor to Telenor in terms of subscriber base. Ufone also has separate prepaid and postpaid products but has a name for each package within these categories. 4. Warid is next with a 17% market share. Zem is its prepaid product whereas it also offers a postpaid product. 5. Zong entered into the market by acquiring PAKTEL and since then has gained a market share of 7%. The Hierarchy Telenor Pakistan is divided into the following five regions. Its corporate headquarters are in Islamabad, with regional offices in Karachi, Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan, and Hyderabad. These regions are divided into further departments. Departments within different regions The regions are divided into various departments which include: 1. People Excellence- looks after recruiting, training and developing employees. At Telenor Pakistan the Human Resource Department is called the People Excellence. 2. Sales ; Distribution- looks after the sales and distribution of various products through the franchise, retailers and sahulat ghar. 3. Sales ; Service Centre- looks after the sales and distribution of various products through the walk in centers which are company maintained and managed. 4. Corporate Sales- handles direct postpaid sales done to organizations, SMEs and other corporate individuals 5. Technology Departments; Radio Frequency Handling Department, Networking Department, Field Operations, Real Estate Management- all these departments handle the technology related works and manages the issues pertaining to networking and the functioning of GSM network. 6. IT Departments- handles the IT issues faced by employees. 7. ESS- works on software development thereby providing an easy and user friendly interface for employees to communicate. 8. Organization Support ; Service- looks after managing the activities at the office, performs the task looked by the administration department. The Sales Channels From the sales perspective the functioning of the sales and customer services departments is critical since they are the face of the company and at the forefront of all company challenges. Sales department Indirect sales * Manage the franchise network * Ensure achievement of sales target of franchise * Coordinate with other departments for development programs * Training of franchise staff Direct sale (corporate sales) * Meet assigned sales targets throughout the  year * Maximize customer satisfaction and minimize churn * Generate new accounts and manage old ones * Strong follow-up Customer services Department The customer services department handles the following responsibilities: * To facilitate and guide the customer * To resolve customer’s queries, requests and provide  optimal solution in minimum turnaround time, keeping both companies and customer interest in focus. * To inform and update customers about upcoming promos, AS and products. * To minimize cost and  increase revenue The Sales Hierarchy The smallest unit of division of the sales force at Telenor is a territory which is assigned a territory sales supervisor who is responsible for around five territory sales officers. The territory sales supervisors report to the assistant managers. The company has been divided into five regions each with a regional manager and a regional director that oversee their regions. They report to the national sales director. Selling Methodology At Telenor the sales can be broadly divided into the indirect and direct sales (corporate sales). The indirect sales require the sales persons to visit different retail outlets and ensure their cards and POS material are in place. Corporate selling involves greater degree of personal selling where the sales person tries to convince the individual to purchase the Telenor connection. This approach is adopted for high volume customers who would purchase the connection for themselves or their company. The selling process starts from identifying the target market. The six process introduced in the sales management theory apply here as well. Prospecting The process starts with searching for leads. All business directories, journals, contact persons in SMEs, personal references, references from company colleagues and industrial and trade associations are all sought for potential leads. Most important are the current customers who are requested to refer people who could potentially buy the package. Qualifying The potential customers are narrowed down to identify which of them can actually buy the package Telenor offers. The qualifying is done on the basis of: a. Whether the prospect has the financial strength to keep the package b. Whether the prospect is influential enough to represent the company and can lead to sales from the company. c. Whether he actually needs the package or not Foot in the door When the customer is being studied all the possible links to approach him are also identified. If appropriate he is approached directly through one of these contact person. However most of the times a more formalized approach is adopted where a letter from the company is sent to the person. The letter comprehensively defines the services that are being offered by Telenor who are the current users of these services and what benefits the individual or his company can derive from the package. The letter also contains a formal request to setup a meeting time. Presenting the sales pitch The pitch is usually prepared well in advance and is tailored to the needs of the potential customer. The pitch is the most critical part and in considered as the make or break part of the whole sales process. The pitch starts with the sales person asking the potential customer about what he expects from his mobile service connection. The sales person further tailors his pitch according to the customers needs and also identifies what additional benefits can the customer derive from Telenor’s packages. Closing the Deal The sales person gradually leads the conversation towards the purchase of the package. In this process he handles all the customer complains and finally leads the discussion towards signing of the agreement. Follow Up The sales person conducts a regular follow up with his client for any problems encountered with the package in use. This is very important in establishing a relationship with the customer since Telenor relies quite a lot on reference sales from its current users. Sales Forecasting The sales forecast is essential to plan for future costs and capacity requirements. Variable cost is directly related to the sales volume made while fixed cost is not directly affected. Better sales forecasting result in better inventory management, spot trends in customer buying behaviour, help in better staffing and managing financing etc. The sales forecasting is done is a very systematic manner at Telenor. The corporate clients are assigned an individual territory sales officer who is then responsible for handling the account and servicing it as requirement arises. Sales forecasts are prepared by keeping in view the previous targets and the actual results. If a salesperson does not achieve their targets, their orecast is lowered and targets are cut down, and if a salesperson meets the target, then their target is upgraded, keeping in mind the salesperson’s potential and the market potential. Sales Budgeting A sales budget is the amount of money available or assigned for a definite period. At Telenor it is based on estimates of expenditure during that period and on proposals for financing the budget. These estimates are based on the previous sales trends. Thus the budget depends on the sales forecast and the amount of revenue expected to be generated for the organization during that period. Like any other company, budget is an important factor in the successful operation of the sales forces at Telenor. Top Sales managers spend a great deal of time trying to convince the corporate management to increase the size of their budget Using the Top Down approach, the Sales managers re-distributes the budget for the sales force among lower level managers. Budget funds are also appropriated wisely in order to properly support selling activities that allow sales personnel and total marketing group to reach their performance goals. Compensation The core compensation includes: * Base salary * Bonus/commission * Long-term incentive plans In addition, Telenor offers a total package that may include insurance, recreational activities and other benefits adapted to the local market and individual employee’s need. Sales Managers are rewarded according to their achievements. Apart from monetary rewards, such as variable pays/increments, other motivational tools such as recognition (Employee of the Year rewards) are used. Employee Motivation Telenor’s compensation plan operationalizes the sales force, get them aligned with the business goals, and get them motivated and driven to implement new strategies. Underperforming sales managers are encouraged through mentoring and counseling by their respective directors. At Telenor the goals set for the sales team are such that they challenging and get them into action. The turnover is not high as compared to that of the industry. There is no defined employee exchange program. Employees on their merit are taken up to work in the Telenor Group. Reward System Telenor considers its employees as an investment made from which it expects valuable return. Pay policies and programs are one of the most important human resource tools for encouraging desired employee behaviors. The advantage of paying above the market average is the ability to attract and retain the top talent available, which can translate into highly effective and productive work force. The incentive schemes and incentive objective are clearly communicated to all individuals and weekly progress report is also communicated to all concerned. Compensation and benefit plans Telenor has a different department that deals with staffing and compensation. This department has all the information regarding who is being employed and how he/she is performing. That’s makes it easy for them to design compensation plans because they know every employee inside out who is being hired. Compensation and benefit plans are particularly based on performance. If performance is up to the mark or standard of the company and the employee has good conduct then he/she will be rewarded for sure. After every performance evaluation, results are rechecked and matched with the standards. Based on that, proper compensation plans are designed. Salary policy The company will pay salaries of the employees as fallows * All new employees have to open bank accounts in specified banks prescribed by the company so that their salary can be credited at the end of each month. * Employees should forward this account number to HR. * Upon termination of services the employee will receive his salary within 15 days up to the time of date of his last working day. Upon resignation the employee will be paid his dues during a maximum period of 15 days from the date he left the job Performance Appraisal System Policies at Telenor for Performance Appraisal Objectives: The purpose of this policy is to provide a formal review program to evaluate work performance and to promote communication and discussion of job performance. The intent of these discussions should be to review current job performance and responsibilities, set goals, and discuss future opportunities with reference to past performance at Telenor. The Objectives of the Performance Review Program are: * To measure work performance * To identify employees with high potential for advancement * To provide objective information for making decisions on salary increases, promotions, bonus and transfers. * To motivate and support employees in improving their performance and achieving their personal/professional career goals * To identify employees for training and development * To provide a solid path for career development for each individual Frequency of the Performance Review Informal performance discussions are conducted frequently as and when the need arises. These discussions provide the basis for an objective summarization of performance during formal Performance Reviews and allow more time for discussing future plans and organizational as well as personal objectives. Formal written performance reviews is conducted with all employees annually. Notification along with Performance Evaluation Forms is sent from the Human Resources Department in advance with the scheduled performance evaluation date. All employees will be reviewed at least once at confirmation. Therefore, Performance Reviews is held on an annual basis from the date of hiring or more often if desirable to do so. Practices at Telenor for Performance Appraisal System Telenor uses the computerized performance appraisal method. It conducts performance appraisal in order to evaluate their employee’s current performance or past performance relative to company’s performance standards. Telenor try to adapt the performance appraisal in which their employees understand what his or her performance standards were and that the upervisor also provides the employee with feedback, development, and incentives required to help the person eliminate performance deficiencies or to continue to perform above par. Performance appraisal is conducted to evaluate employee’s performance, current or past, relative to company’s performance standards. Performance for the sales period is reviewed with each individual salesperson. It is noted if that salesperson met the goal that was established at the beginning of the period. If he/she did, the salesperson is given a positive review for meeting the goals. In Telenor the performance appraisal of employees is conducted in December. The Telenor HR department develops a performance appraisal sheet and downloads it on the intranet of Telenor so that the supervisor performs the evaluation of their employees. When the supervisor completes the evaluation, he/she sends the performance appraisal sheet to the employee for the confirmation, if the employee does not agree with the supervisor’s remarks or appraisal he/she will not sign the PA sheet. After the time of submitting PA sheets is crossed, HR department approaches the supervisors and employees having conflict and tries to resolve their problems. Performance Review At Telenor a review is something like an informal discussion between an employee and their Sales Team Leader/ Sales Manager. There are two phases: first in which discussion takes place over area of strength which needs to be built up on as displayed by the job holder over the past year. The second phase is concerned with discussion about the training needs/inputs activities that are considered to be appropriate to help the jobholder overcome some of development areas discussed in the review and also those activities that are deemed appropriate to build upon their current strengths. Appraisal categories The sales personal along with other employees are classified in one of the categories: Appraisal category| Definition of category| % Of total numbers of employees which can be rated in this category | 1. expert| Indicates exceptional performance| 15%| 2. ery Good| Indicate performance that consistently meets the requirements of the position,† very good† indicates the individual is on track for advancements| 10%| 3. Good| Indicated performance that requires improvement (i. e. meet requirements without initiative or advancement)| 8%| 4. Basic | Performance to be improved (hardly meets requirements)| 5%| Training The methods of training differ from function t o function. In training the most important thing, Telenor believes to get across is how this training is going to increase their reps sales, as well as benefit the company. Following are some objectives of training when conducted for sales function. Recommendations Telenor is regarded as the top employers in Pakistan and is doing brilliantly on the business front. However there always is some room for improvement. One of the recommendations for Telenor is develop its muscle in the corporate sales segment. In this segment Mobilink sits comfortably at the top with other companies trying to snatch some share. The Persona package that targets corporate need a stronger push from the corporate sales team since the retail market has matured and telecom companies need to venture elsewhere for growth. Another important recommendation is the training of the sales team. On visiting certain shops and asking about sales personal from different telecom companies the general response was that sales personal have a very hackneyed approach to selling. Telenor could make a difference by adopting unique selling techniques inculcated through their training programs. Appendix Subscribers (From Telenor Resource person) [ 2 ]. http://www. telenor. com. pk/about/history. php [ 3 ]. Telenor resource person

Cash Versus Credit Card free essay sample

We are all familiar with the convenience of credit and debit cards, and there’s no denying that they’re the preferred method of payment for many transactions. But sometimes good old hard currency is preferable. (Although maybe not pennies. ) Here are four situations in which greenbacks are a better choice than plastic. 1. When you’re trying to stick to a budget. There are a slew of studies out there that compared cash and card spending behavior, and they all came to the same conclusion: you spend more with plastic. Part of the reason behind this is the disassociation factor: you don’t feel as if you’re actually parting with money when you swipe your card at a terminal, especially if you don’t have to face the bill for a month. Paying cash is the equivalent of a dieter’s keeping a food diary: it forces you to hold yourself accountable for what you buy over the course of a day. We will write a custom essay sample on Cash Versus Credit Card or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is especially valid when it comes to small purchases, as the few bucks here and there on lunch, coffee and incidental purchases really add up. Using cash, it’s easy to see how quickly they empty your wallet. (MORE: Your Credit Card Rewards Aren’t Worth as Much as You Think) 2. When you’re shopping at a mom-and-pop store or a farmers’ market. More Americans are taking pains to eat and shop locally these days. Often that impulse is driven by a desire to help out the little guy rather than funnel spending dollars to the big-box chain stores. It’s a commendable sentiment, and one that small-business owners and farmers certainly appreciate. But when you hand over your credit or debit card, you’re undoing some of that good intention. We’ve written at length about interchange fees, those obscure charges banks levy on merchants who accept plastic. Here’s the short version of why they matter in this case: paying with plastic sends as much as 3% of your total purchase price to the banks instead of to your local dog groomer or florist’s bottom line. 3. When you’re at a flea market or craft show. Yes, more vendors these days have credit-card readers like Square, but there are arguments to make for cash. First, there’s the point we made above about interchange fees eating into the profit these small-business owners earn from their sales. Second, it’s much easier to bargain if you have a handful of bills rather than a card. These venues are practically made for haggling (see a list of other places you should negotiate prices here), and as the saying goes, money talks. (MORE: Terrible Financial Advice: Top 10 Tips You Shouldn’t Follow) 4. When you’re buying something you might have to return. Store return policies vary widely, so it’s advisable to check before purchasing an item you might return. (And by â€Å"check,† we mean going online or to the customer-service desk to read the store’s written policy, not asking a cashier who might be misinformed. ) Provided you have your original receipt, many retailers will issue you a refund in the same format in which you paid. If you paid with a credit or debit card, this could mean waiting a few days for the transaction to clear. A cash refund, on the other hand, puts that money back into your pocket immediately. 5. When you’re leaving a tip at a restaurant. This is an instance in which paying cash is primarily for the benefit of the recipient, but if you plan to revisit a restaurant in the future, your consideration may translate to better service next time. Depending on the restaurant’s policies, there could be a number of reasons cash is a better choice. The biggest perk a server gets with a cash tip is leaving at the end of the shift with cash in hand. Some restaurants distribute tips left via credit or debit cards weekly; for people living paycheck to paycheck, getting that 15% of customer checks in cash every day can make a difference. According to CreditCards. com, some eateries will even ding waitstaff for the interchange fee on the tip portion of the bill, which can cut up to 3% off the total. Some restaurants require all serving staff to pool tips, so if you got knockout service and want to make sure the person who did the work gets the reward, pay cash. There is a moral ambiguity here, in that the server would be breaking the rules if he or she just pocketed the tip. There’s also the unfortunate possibility that leaving cash tips helps waitstaff avoid paying taxes on the money by not declaring it, but the IRS has been cracking down on this practice in recent years, so it’s less of a concern than it used to be. Read more: http://business. time. com/2012/09/10/5-times-you-should-always-pay-cash/#ixzz2TO1M7b5p http://business. time. com/2012/09/10/5-times-you-should-always-pay-cash/

In conclusion Romeos character Essay Example

In conclusion Romeos character Paper Romeo is an emotional, adolescent boy, he thrives upon complexity of love and predicament of romance. The story is a romantic tragedy where Romeo and his love must fall. The passion and emotion that lurks in Romeo, inevitably is responsible for the tragedy which soon surfaces. Romeo is in love with the idea of being in love. His actions and relations are under great scrutiny from the tension and suspense of the feuding Montagues and Capulets, as his love and affection for Juliet develops so does his impetuous character. The first expressions of Romeo are that he is not his usual self. His absence is thoroughly spoken about in the Montague household. Montague mentions how Romeo has been keeping to himself, preferring night to day Locks fair daylight out, And makes himself an artificial night. From Montague, Lady Montague and Benvolio, we gather that the story will be based around the absent Romeo. Once Romeo does appear, we understand that his sadness and depression is because his love for Rosaline is unreturned Love, whose view is muffled still. Romeos contradictory language is a clear indication of how Romeos perceptions and feelings are awkwardly diverse. The repetitive use of oxymoron demonstrates that Romeos emotions are mixed up regarding his relationship with Rosaline. Love is a smoke Loving hate Romeo dialects in this elaborate way of speaking, the constant use of fanciful imagery and rhyming couplets show that his emotions are artificial and are not coming from his heart. Following Romeos confused and heartfelt speech, Benvolio advises Romeo that the cure for love is to look at other girls and go along to Capulet party. Take thou new infection to thy eye. We will write a custom essay sample on In conclusion Romeos character specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on In conclusion Romeos character specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on In conclusion Romeos character specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However Romeo is still hostile to Benvolios proposition, until, while reading the guest list, Romeo discovers that Rosaline will be at the party, although Romeo continues to protest that his love for Rosaline will never change, Nere saw her match since the world began, he chooses to go along to the party. Ill go along no such sight to be shown. While at the Capulet party. Romeo meets his love Juliet, and they instantly fall in love at first sight. This electrifying moment is written as a sonnet. Religious imagery runs through Romeos conversation with Juliet profane, trespass, purged, faith. Romeo compares Juliet to a saint, the imagery of light is very important. Romeos earlier love was characterised by grief, melancholy, tears and darkness. This is very distinctive of his character, earlier he was so sure that the only love for him was Rosaline but now a scene later, hes fallen in love with Juliet. This divulges how naive and childlike Romeo really is, he is more inclined to express the rapture long his love, rather than to do anything about it, which supports the earlier point of that Romeo is in love with the thought of being in love, and his emotions and actions take him to where he is now. Now that Romeos infatuation for Rosaline has ended, act 2 begins with the unaware Mercutio mocking Romeos love for Rosaline. Mercutio pretends to be a magician, using sexual innuendo demesues, spirit circle, stand, down, medlar, open-are to tease Romeo. Mercutios sexual joking opposes and highlights the true love of Romeo and Juliet. Following Act 2 scene 2 Romeos first line is a dismissive comment about Mercutios joking about love he jests at scars that never felt a wound. This means that someone who has never experienced being in love, finds it easy to mock the suffering of a person deeply in love. Act 2 scene 2 is particularly distinctive of Romeos character, Romeo who is hidden from Juliet in the Capulet orchard, sees Juliet at an upstairs window. Romeo compares her to the sun, stars and heavens, fainst stars in all the heaven this all symbolizes Romeos obsession with Juliet and how his character has developed from infatuated to desperate. The first time we meet Friar Lawrence is on Act 2 scene 5, he is gathering flowers and herbs. He reflects that, like people, they contain both healing medicine and poison, both good and evil. He shows this by the use of antithesis day/night, mother/tomb, fair use/abuse, grace/rude. Friar Lawrences use of oppositions or antithesis help us understand the play will be conflicting both love and hate emotions, his speech gives us an understanding that if the play will be contrary, so will the character of Romeo. Romeos first meeting with Friar Lawrence is also on act 2 scene 3. Romeo goes to Friar Lawrence to make a confession. However Friar Lawrence doesnt find Romeos explanation clear, he emphasises the fact by using rhyme, the rhyme shows how much Friar Lawrence is in the dark about Romeos confession. Friar Lawrence tells Romeo that ambiguous, unclear confessions will only be given similar unsatisfactory forgiveness riddling shift. This expresses that Romeo has mixed feelings over disclosing the secret of his love for Juliet, and hes not entirely sure who to put his faith in. The differences between old and young, between cautious, mature, wisdom and youthful emotion are striking in the play. Romeos passion is evident I stand on sudden haste. The contrast with Friar Lawrences advice is vivid as he urges love moderately, long love doth so the opposite to Romeo. After Friar Lawrence accused Romeo of a mere infatuation, young mens loves then lies Not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes and making jokes For doting, not for loving, pupil mice, Friar Lawrence finally agrees to marry Romeo and Juliet, because he believes it will end the feud between the Montagues and Caplets. Romeos character in this scene seems to have matured, he has the courage to come and talk to an adult about love, maybe proving that he is no longer a child and ready to get married to Juliet. Subsequent to Romeos fight and murder of Tybalt, the Prince sentences Romeo to be banished from Verona. These circumstances again brings about Romeos childlike and immature behaviour, he loses all self-control and throws himself to the floor in agitation taking the measure of an unmade grave. Romeo is so outraged with the decision to banish him, he is contemplating committing suicide shot from the deadly level of a gun. His banishment causes Romeo to cry out with extreme anguish to Friar Lawrence who reprimands Romeo. This havoc is unbearable for Romeo, for he feels being banished from the city of Verona is worse than death. Hence banished is banished from the world, And the worlds exile is death ; then banished Is death mistermed. This order of events underline Romeos dedication and devotion to Juliet, he would rather die than leave Juliet. It also underlines his immaturity as Romeos obsession and fascination with Juliet may perhaps cause this romantic tragedy to emerge. In conclusion Romeos character has distorted right through the play. The change in situations through the acts have influenced Romeos personality, mood, emotion and most importantly his actions. The first impressions of Romeo as a depressed, neglected young man transformed when he met Juliet, however the same affectionate emotions for Juliet become obsessive and fanatical which causes him to change under the pressure of the feuding Montagues and Capulets. Commencing from the infatuation at the Capulet party to the obsession and hurried decision making at the tomb, it was all too much for Romeo whos uncompromising attitude inevitably caused this impractical catastrophe to surface.

Circular Theory †Philosophy Essay

Circular Theory – Philosophy Essay Free Online Research Papers Life follows a circular path. That is why history repeats itself. Let’s say just for arguments sake that the big bang theory is correct. Since the big bang theory the Earth has changed its face numerous times starting at the solidification of the earth’s surface. After the earth solidified organisms grew, and evolved into what we have today. Now before we can even touch on animal life we must look at the planet first. Earth solidified through upwelling and cooling of hot magma to form the crust after this formation took place everything was fine until the Ice Age came around. After the Ice age there was a mass warming on the earth, creating our present status, and earth will probably go out the way it came in Bang. Now there have been other anomalies to affect the earth such as volcanoes, tsunamis, earthquakes, the rise and fall of temperatures, and asteroids, but these are all a part of this continuous circle. Now like us, the earth is a living breathing organism, one that regenerates itself and heals itself, thus creating a circular pattern for its existence. This is a pattern that man has tried to figure out for centuries so that the fountain of youth would be possib le. BANG >>>> SOLIDIFICATION/COOLING OF LIQUID HOT MAGMA >>>> CRUST >>>> ICE AGE >>>> CURRENT STATUS >>>> PROBABLY ANOTHER BANG = CIRCLE I enjoy doing this, back to the circle theory again. Now, I know this is all inductive reasoning but I don’t really have any deductive formulas to test the conjectures of this theory. I leave that up to the mathematicians. Let’s see what else represents a circle in life I know how about the weather. The weather can be a continuous cycle such as you have dirt/dust on the ground that is picked up by the wind and that dust collects water molecules. Once the dust and water molecules become too heavy for the wind they drop in the form of rain/hale/sleet/snow, returning the dust to its previous state, dirt. DIRT >>>> WIND >>>> WATER >>>> RAIN/HALE/SLEET/SNOW >>>> DIRT = CIRCLE It is not impossible to find the fountain of youth, but there are too many factors in the world/universe to even be able to create a place of immortality. Let’s go back to the circle theory. Everything happens in a series but the series ultimately takes us back to where we started. Before life we do not know where we are, but after we are conceived all of the sudden we have spawned life. We live our life to the best we can following guidelines, rules, suggestions and our parents. Ultimately taking on our parent’s belief system and coincidentally passing it down to our kids as well. After we have lived our life we die and are once again back where we started from, not sure where that is, but none the less creating a circular pattern. NO LIFE >>>> LIFE >>>> NO LIFE = CIRCLE Life itself is formed through a circle. One cell in a human body, any cell take your pick, is in the shape of a circle. The sun, the moon stars, even the start of a new love is formed through a circle. In order to find love you must talk to someone and when you talk to that person you tend to have direct eye contact, also a circle. You have premarital sex and then you get married or you get married because you had premarital sex and now have a little mini you and her/him on the way. This, takes us back to the no life, life circle. Now let us take a look at the conception†¦ Do you understand where I am going with this? Rhetorical, don’t answer that. Empty uterus until one of the fallopian tubes sends out an egg. Egg is in the uterus and coitus uninterrupted is performed spawning the millions of sperm to the egg. The sperm swim around, some not even coming close to the egg, but one lucky bastard, who is quite possible, made it to a circular dwelling. Now, once inside of this perfectly shaped circle it forms a single cell and that circular cell multiplies until you have a heart, also the shape of a circle, maybe a little deformed, but pretty much there. So, then you have this baby just chilling inside of another circle called the uterus, and the baby is born thus finishing the process of the circle that is precious to our species. Read, Rinse, and Repeat if desired. EMPTY UTERUS >>>> EGG >>>> SPERM >>>> ONE CELL >>>> MULTIPLE CELLS >>>> BABY >>>> NO EGG/EMPTY UTERUS (AT LEAST FOR A LITTLE WHILE) = CIRCLE Much like life, people tend to form circles in their every day life once we have found â€Å"direction†. Turning what was an exciting life into a very cumbersome and redundant existence. I have to laugh at this, because before we had a direction we had 3 things that were our drive as a species. These things were the most basic needs in order for us, the animal kingdom, to continue, Food/Water, Shelter, and Sex. Now we would have to eat, live somewhere, and have sex in order to continue this grand circle so we can find out why we are all here. Then the rules came and things changed and life has become a job. No longer something we can enjoy, but rather a chore for us to eat/drink, live in, and fuck. Now in order to eat/drink you need to have a job because you need money to buy the food and drinks you need to survive. Then comes the place to live, and this is a must because land is property of some one that in fact doesn’t actually own anything other than their bo dy, but if you want to live you must find a domicile and pay this person. Now in order to have sex today you have to have a job so you can spend money on the girl that you want to have sex with. Not to mention you don’t want to be living out of a cardboard box and you would prefer to have food in the house because hunting after work is out of the question. So let me put this in a simpler fashion†¦. JOB >>>>> FOOD/DRINK >>>>>> DWELLING >>>>> SEX >>>>> JOB = CIRCLE Now of course that is not always how it happens but for the most part it is true. Now the everyday life consists of waking up showering/not showering; you dirty bastard, getting dressed, eating breakfast/not, going to school/work/not doing anything; no sex for you, Eating Lunch/not, going home, watching TV/Playing Video Games; get a life, Eating dinner, taking a shower/not, having sex/flogging the dolphin/catching the vibe, then finally back to sleep, and waking up the next morning to start the same day. Hmmmmm, Sounds like fun to me. Where do I sign up to shoot myself? For those of you who prefer that I did it the other way: WAKING UP >>>> SHOWERING/NOT >>>> GETTING DRESSED >>>> EATING BREAKFAST/NOT >>>> GOING TO SCHOOL/WORK/BUM >>>> EATING LUNCH/NOT >>>> GOING HOME >>>> BEING A LOSER/TOOL >>>> EATING DINNER >>>> TAKING A SHOWER/NOT >>>> HAVING SEX/CHOKING THE CHICKEN/PICKING YOUR PEDALS >>>> SLEEPING >>>> WAKING UP = CIRCLE Now the direction we head is pretty much one that makes us look completely insane. Like the ones we commit for walking in circles and banging their heads against a wall, at least they said screw it and did what we are all unconsciously doing. Crazy, I think not. I believe they are probably more intelligent than we are. Now the one thing that is not a continuous loop is time. The time we have is short in comparison to the rest of the universe. So, what we do with our time is important to us. Who knows maybe time is a big loop and this whole universe is a clock waiting to reset itself. Wait a minute a clock. A clock goes from 12am to 12 pm then back to 12 am or 00:00:01 to 2400 thus completing yet again another circle. This could go on forever, the months, the days, even yes years. We won’t be here forever ladies and gentlemen and time will reset itself and another civilization will form, and they too will walk in circles. I am not saying that everyday is the same, but what I am saying is that your overall life will be one continuous vicious circle. All I ask is that you be happy with what you have or could have. There is no need to end your life sooner than needed and there is no reason to turn down things that make you happy. Happiness is the key to making that circle actually mean something in this rotating sphere that we live in. The fountain of youth is the children of tomorrow and the way we raise those children will greatly affect their happiness. The men and women who are or get married are subjected to happiness by the two of them completing two circles to create one, two, three, four†¦.. As many offspring they should wish to have. To create life you are creating your very own circle and thus being as close to becoming an ultimate being as you could ever get. Playing god doesn’t mean you take some ones life, but rather that you can give life, and bring happiness to others. Your life and many otherss lives are revolved around the happiness of everyone. Research Papers on Circular Theory - Philosophy EssayThe Spring and AutumnThe Hockey GameHip-Hop is ArtThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenCapital PunishmentRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionThree Concepts of PsychodynamicMind Travel

Are there any current issues in the news involving telecommunication Article

Are there any current issues in the news involving telecommunication law - Article Example Whenever a firm from a ‘sensitive’ country attempts to buy an American technology company (say a telecommunications company) which could in some way implicate national security matters, the American government almost always immediately opens an investigation. â€Å"The committee assesses the possible national security implications of planned transactions that would result in foreign powers gaining significant influence over U.S. companies† (Sternstein 2011). One problem with this process, according to critics, is that presently the US government only finds out about a potential purchase if the company volunteers the information, so it is possible that foreign powers have bought more than is publicly known. The difficulty, it seems, is balancing the need for national security with the obvious reality that the technology sector is a rapidly changing one and governments should not get in the way of organic and important growth in it. Concerning access to information at the local, state, and federal levels, there was a recent story about a lawsuit opened by a Pennsylvania utility company against the Federal Communications Commission. The FCC recently created a fund with federal monies to â€Å"support telecommunications service in high-cost areas† (Long 2011). This likely includes economically depressed urban areas and rural ones as well where high speed internet connections are not readily available. The utility company, fearing competition with a taxpayer-subsidized entity, is suing the FCC and claims that the new rules it recently created which started the fund are â€Å"arbitrary and capricious† (Long 2011). They change many of the laws governing access to information and thus have caused some

Methods of Research in Media and Communications Essay

Methods of Research in Media and Communications - Essay Example This paper aims at evaluating the perception that the Greek had during the economic crisis, which threatened to paralyse their economy due to its incapacity to pay its debts. The study utilises an interview form of research to get the views from various individuals with respect to the information they got from the media during the crisis. The information obtained from the interview was then analysed, and findings used to ascertain the perception of the people. Background Information People all over the world have different reactions in relation to the news and reports relayed unto them (Corner et al., 1997). According to European Journalism Centre (2010), the press is the second-most imperative source of information after the television. The news and reports are relied on heavily by the public for any eventual news either in the country or abroad. Therefore, with respect to the economic crisis, the media channels and information sources did their best to bring out the situation exper ienced economically both at home and at the international level (Mullen and Klaehn, 2010). The manner in which news and reports are relayed to the public has a considerable impact to individuals and the implications are dependent on the perception taken by the public (Priest, 2010). Undertaking a research study in the field of media, has positive implications in the sense that it will help in ascertaining the constructive measures to be undertaken by the media bodies, in the kind of news or reports they air, and the manner of delivering the same (Fernandez, 2008). The upsurge and demonstrations portrayed by the public during the Greek crisis can be ascribed to the discernment of the debt crisis as prescribed by the media. This is through the public concept of encoding and decoding what they heard or watched as discussed by Stuart Hall. Various mass media concepts and theories are very crucial in understanding the study undertaken. With respect to the propaganda concept, it helps und erstand and expound on the development, stratification and functioning of communities and how the members interact via communication. The classical Marxist thinking on ideology paved the idea for developing new concepts to understand and explain the role of the media in the contemporary democratic world. According to Herman and Chomsky (2000), the mass media serve as a means for communicating information and symbols to the public. Further, in a world of intense wealth and major conflicts of classes of interest to realise set roles entails the systematic propaganda (Herman and Chomsky, 2002). Political economy entails a fundamental theoretical framework employed in the media studies research. This entails the attempts to understand the power relations that determine distribution, consumption, and production of communication resources (McQuail, 1994, p. 82). This is very relevant to this study as the Greek crisis was national and constituted the authorities. Media has been transformed by technology to be the most crucial a rapid influence on opinions and indulgent in the current world (Wimmer and Dominic, 2011). Chandler (2000) argues that media possess a powerful tool and capacity to encourage global awareness thus, promoting economic trends, cross-cultural understanding,

Issue analysis paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Issue analysis paper - Essay Example The act was to be financed within the next ten years for it to be fully operational to help those who are unable to insure as depicted by the health act. As a result, millions of people will benefit from employment based insurance coverage than in the absence of Affordable Care Act (ACA).The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimated the government budget and effects for the ten years. The Affordable Care Act will be financed thus delivering a devastating analysis of the inefficiencies and problematic social costs of Obamacare. The Affordable Care Act still faces opposition from Congressional Budget Office (CBO) since the key selling point of Affordable Care Act was to cover a significant number of above 30 million Americans who lacked it. As per today, the CBO is out criticizing the Affordable Care Act in America that within a decade, 6 million people will not be given health care insurance from their companies or from the employers due to Affordable Care Act (john 45). This makes the Americans to see as if the act was politically passed so as only target a certain group of Americans and segregating those who can be able to acquire the insurance coverage. The estimated expenditure of Affordable Care act will be about $2 trillion within the next 10 years meaning that there would be disruption of the United States medical system since the federal government will not be able to achieve the objectives, of providing coverage to 30 million Americans. The Congressional Budget Office maintains that within the ten years the same number of 30 million Americans will lack insurance as before since the Affordable Care Act will collapse within the next 5 years. Another opposing idea of the ACA is that the poor people will get subsidies and after they achieve certain level of compensation then the subsidy will disappear when one reaches a higher pay level. Basing their

Impact of Parenting Styles: A Review

Impact of Parenting Styles: A Review Farah Nazneen Impact of Parenting Style in Bangladesh: A  Systematic Review Introduction Parents are teachers, guiders, leaders, protectors, and providers for their children. Our behavior, thought, motivation, belief, value, personality etc all are directly or indirectly depend on our parenting style. Research on parenting style is so important to determine the positive impact and negative impact on children. There are mainly four types of parenting styles. They are: Authoritative parenting style Authoritarian parenting style Permissive parenting Style Uninvolved parenting style Figure 1: Types of parenting style Bangladesh is a small south Asian country. Very few research has been conducted on the general picture of parenting style in Bangladesh. The majority of the research shown that there are positive correlation between parental acceptance and positive personal characteristics of children. Figure 2: Parents of Bangladesh The Review Information about the Studies: For the review 6 original papers of Bangladesh were selected based on the research on parenting style. All of the research was conducted through quantitative method. The samples (in total 744) of the studies were both school children and adult person. Table 1 depicts the studies with necessary information such as sample size, design, variables studied, data analysis techniques and results. Table 1. Description of the Studies Impact on Personality: Parental rejection can influence our personality (Shahid et al. 2009). In an investigation researcher found significant positive correlation of maternal rejection and neuroticism (anger, loneliness, anxiety, and depression) of adults. But they found no significant correlation between paternal rejection and neuroticism. It may be because in Bangladeshi culture mother used to play all the roles of child rearing and father only play the role in economic wellbeing of family. So father rejection merely affect the childs personality (Shahid et al. 2009). On the other hand, it was found that there is a significant positive correlation between paternal rejection and psychoticism. People with psychoticism have biological causes rather than neuroticism. Therefore, for biological causes, person would be less able to cope with the negative experience like paternal rejection (where some of the participants gave less priority to paternal rejection). That could be the possible explanation of positive correlation between paternal rejection and psychoticism (Shahid et al. 2009). It was also found that there is a negative correlation between parental (both paternal and maternal) rejection and extraversion (being outgoing, talkative, high on positive affect). As parental rejection is negative experience that may prevent them to be high on positive affect (Shahid et al. 2009). This study work with only 3 categories of personality. Further studies are needed to find the correlation between parenting style and other categories of personality like as introversion, openness,conscientiousness,agreeableness etc. Impact on Cognitive Emotion Regulation In an investigation among children researchers found that authoritative parenting was the strongest predictor of overall adaptive emotion regulation while authoritarian parenting was the strongest predictor of overall less adaptive emotion regulation. Permissive parenting has no impact on adaptive and less adaptive emotion regulation (Karim et al. 2013). This study offers some inconsistent results. Here, authoritarian parenting contributes significantly in both the adaptive and less adaptive cognitive emotion regulations. This was unpredicted and failed to explain by the present data. Marital adjustment of parents can also affect the cognitive emotion regulation of children. Because due to marital adjustment balance of parenting style between mother and father could vary. As better marital adjustment of parents help children to handle the negative experiences it is strongly and positively associated with childs adaptive emotion regulation (acceptance, positive refocusing, refocus on planning, positive reappraisal and putting into perspective strategies) and negatively with childs overall less adaptive emotion regulation (self-blame, rumination or focus on thought, catastrophizing, and blaming others strategies) (Ansary and Karim, 2011). Research evidence also shown that fathers positive affect (enthusiasm, active, and alert) is strongly and positively associated with childs overall adaptive emotion regulation; and negatively associated with childs overall less adaptive emotion regulation (Ansary and Karim, 2011). But in the case of mother it is little bit difference. Mothers positive affect and negative affect were not significantly associate with childs overall adaptive cognitive emotion regulation. In the case of less adaptive cognitive emotion regulation picture is different, researcher found strong positive association (Ansary and Karim, 2011). Impact on Self-esteem: In a research it was proved that parental rejection is significantly and positively correlated with lower self-esteem of person (Yasmin and Hossain, 2014). This result also suggests thatmaternalrejectionhasgreaterimpactonselfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ esteemthanpaternalrejection. However sample size of this research is so poor only 60. Which is not sufficient to generalize the finding. Again maternal rejection as a good predictor of self-esteem in early adulthood in which self-esteem had significant negative correlation with remembrance of maternal rejection in childhood (Din and Huque, 2013). In this research they didn’t see the effect of paternal rejection in early adulthood. Impact on life-satisfaction: Yasmin and Hossain (2014) shown that both maternal and paternal involvement in childhoodisimportanttodevelopoffspring’slifesatisfactioninadulthood. This result also suggests thatmaternalrejectionhasgreaterimpactonlife satisfactionthanpaternalrejection. However sample size of this research is so poor only 60. Which is not sufficient to generalize the finding. Impact on Academic Achievement: In a study with tribal and non-tribal student researchers found significant negative correlations between both maternal and paternal acceptance scores and academic achievement scores. It was also found from the results of the study that there were significant differences in maternal acceptance, paternal acceptance and academic achievement between tribal and non tribal children. That is, non tribal children were more maternally accepted, more paternally accepted and showed higher academic achievement as compared to their tribal counterpart (Aktar, Shahrier, and Rahaman, 2013). Conclusions Existing literature on parenting style of Bangladesh shown relatively same findings. Most of the research approved the positive impact on children for acceptance parenting style and negative impact due to rejected parenting style. Parental acceptance help to develop our positive aspect of personality and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation, increase self-esteem and life (Shahid et al. 2009; Karim, Sharafat, and Mahmud, 2013; Yasmin and Hossain, 2014; and Din and Huque, 2013). But in the case of academic achievement we get controversial finding from other research in different culture. In the study of tribal and non-tribal children parental acceptance does not facilitate child’s academic achievement (Aktar, Shahrier, and Rahaman, 2013). May be our educational system failed to evaluate our children in terms of academic achievement. Further studies are needed to establish a clear relationship between parenting style and academic achievement, and evaluating academic achievement. All of the research on parenting style were conducted with few samples. Here highest sample size was only 206. Few sample is not reliable tool to predict the nature of parenting style especially in survey research. The research finding of above studies are failed to generalize the overall finding for large population of Bangladesh. Again participants of the research are presentable for different class of people in our society like age, race, socio-economic status, occupation, locality etc. There are also no broad, reliable research on overall population of Bangladesh to establish norm of general parenting style in Bangladesh. Again most of the research in parenting style are conducted on quantitative research method. Qualitative research on parenting style could facilitate to understand the cause of different impact of parenting style in the context of Bangladesh. In conclusion further research is needed on this sector to establish a clear relationship between parenting style and positive impact on children. So parent’s awareness in raising child could be increase. We can also work with different types of variables related to parenting style. References Aktar, R., Shahrier, M. A., Rahaman, M. M. (2013). Parental acceptance and academic achievement of tribal and non-tribal children of Bangladesh. Journal of Life and Earth Science, 8, 31-39. Ansary, T. M., Karim, A. K. M. R. (2011). Cognitive emotion regulation in children as predicted by parents marital adjustment and their nature of affect. Bangladesh Psychological Studies, 21, 1-16. Din, F. A., Huque, P. (2013). Maternal rejection in childhood: its effect on self-esteem in early adulthood. Bangladesh Psychological Studies, 23, 15-28. Karim, A. K, M. R., Sharafat, T., Mahmud, A. Y. (2013). Cognitive emotion regulation in children as related to their parenting style, family type and gender. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science, 39(2), 211-220. Shahid, S. F. B., Mullick, M. S. I., Nahar, J. S., Naher, J., Khan, S., Morshed, N. M., Shah, M. A., Qusar, M. M. A. S. (2009). Relationship between Parental Rejection and Personality. BSMMU Journal, 2(2), 61-65. Yasmin, S., Hossain, A. (2014). Relation of parental rejection with selfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ esteem and life satisfaction of young adults. Dhaka University Journal of Biological Science, 23(1), 69-76.

Efficacy of Iraqi Sanctions Essay -- Government Politics Essays

Efficacy of Iraqi Sanctions As United States foreign policy has matured in the wake of the Vietnam Conflict, a seemingly bloodless, less nationally controversial tool than war has emerged. The United States has begun to slap economic sanctions on rogue nations in lieu of or in addition to sending in the Armed Forces. This policy of sanctioning nations begs one to ponder the legitimacy thereof. A specific case to be examined is the Iraqi conflict. In response to Iraqà ­s hostile takeover of Kuwait in 1990, the U.S along with United Nations implemented a sanction against Iraq. After the Gulf War had ceased, a treaty was drafted which included the lifting of the sanctions should Iraq agree to certain stipulations. To this date, the UN has ruled that the treaty has not been upheld by Iraq thus keeping the sanctions in place. In the years since the initial implementation, economic sanctions have proven to be largely ineffective in the achievement of foreign policy goals in Iraq while having produced a number of oth er negative results. Sanctions have not been able to force the Hussein regime out of power nor have they been able to halt Iraqà ­s import and export of key goods. While failing in those ends, sanctions have succeeded in bringing about a massive humanitarian crisis for the Iraqi peopleà ³one which seems may never end. Before the Persian Gulf War, the Iraqi military was one of the best in the Middle East. This fact caused Iraqi leadership to deduce that, being a powerful Mid-eastern force, no one would challenge their hostile take-over of tiny Kuwait. Unfortunately for Iraq, the rest of world did not let this act go unnoticed and began the Gulf War. The once proud Iraqi forces were reduced to almost nothing after the war. Th... ...o death by the economic sanctions and they feel as though there is no end in sight. Tareq Aziz, Iraqi Deputy Prime Minister, sums up the bleak Iraqi sentiments, "We donà ­t see a light at the end of the tunnel. There is a tunnel after the tunnel." ("Press Conference") Works Cited Cortright, David and George A. Lopez. The Sanctions Decade: Assessing UN Strategies in the 1990à ­s. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc., 2000 "Press Conference of the Iraqi Deputy Prime Minister, Mr. Tareq Aziz." The Digital Voice of Iraq. n. pag. Online. Internet. 21 Oct. 2000. Available FTP: http://www.multimania.com/iraq/tareq-aziz12-11-98.htm Selden, Zachary. Economic Sanctions as Instruments of American Foreign Policy. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1999 Simons, Geoff. Imposing Economic Sanctions: Legal Remedy or Genocidal Tool?. Sterling, VA: Pluto Press, 1999

Education, Teacher Essay

How can teachers be advocates for children in and out of the classroom? Teachers play an important role, everyone knows that, but does anyone actually know how much teachers do for us? It seems that teachers are just an authority figure at school, but it is so much more than that. Teachers are in a classroom with about 25 children who thirst for an education. Teachers quench this thirst with the knowledge that they teach in the classroom. Teachers do not just advocate children in the classroom; they continue to do so in the community and the lives of people. Teachers advocate for children in the classroom. â€Å"What students need to succeed in the twenty-first century is an education that is both academically rigorous and relevant to the real world† (Covey). In the classroom, teachers are resource providers, instructional specialist, curriculum specialist, classroom supporters, learning facilitators, mentors and school leaders they are also learners that learn new things each and every day from the children they teach. Children look up to teachers for help, advice, tutoring, and guidance. In the classroom, teachers teach the curriculum they have planned for the day and are expected to help any child that is falling behind or does not understand. Discipline is also a part in the learning process. With all the cheating and various ways of bullying, schools these days have turned into a place you do not want to be at because you feel in danger of getting physically or mentally hurt (Covey). The misbehavior of these cheaters and bullies are preventing their classmates from learning and teachers from instructing the thought out session (Rizzolo). Teachers should always on the first day(s) of student attendance, get off to a good start and execute the rules of the classroom, to avoid this misbehavior from happening. Of course, the classroom rules should tie in with the school policies. When teachers are stating the classroom policies their tone must be stern but not strict, this is to ensure that the students do not take the teacher lightly. The teacher has a role in the community also. Teachers’ role in the community is extremely important, since it is the teachers who are the backbone of the educational system. The whole educational system starts with the school board. The school board comes up with all the school policy that every school must follow. Once these policies are set in stone, administrators interpret them, but the teachers are the ones that personally enforce these school policies and make sure everyone obeys these policies. For teachers to maintain support from the community to keep the school itself running, the community must have a positive observation on the teachers. In order to uphold this positive outlook, teachers must be prepared for the unknown and keep a positive attitude throughout (Nebor). Teachers play a valuable role in today’s society. The government creates the standards of living and suggests ways of assessment. Our administrators direct the teachers to teach these standards that the government has created for us. After being directed by the administrators, the teacher educates the students on these standards. Therefore, it can be agreed that teachers are responsible for the society, or in other words is the backbone of society. As stated in the previous paragraph, a teacher is a figure that not only educates on an academic level, but also on a social level in order to create character and citizenship. As time passed, the message that teachers attempt to get across has changed but the meaning behind it has not. â€Å"A teacher must help form society at the foundation† (Covey). For today’s children will be tomorrow’s leaders. Teachers have an impact on the lives of others. Certainly, teachers affect the lives of the children they teach, but how? Teachers give their students encouragement by saying â€Å"Come on, you can do it†¦ you’ve got this! † or â€Å"Hey, I believe you can achieve more; give it your all! †(Five Ways Good Teachers Change Lives) or other uplifting phrases such as a quote that I live by that says â€Å"Don’t give up just because of what someone said. Use that as motivation to push harder. † Like encouragement, teachers also support their students by conveying the belief that their students can succeed at anything they put their mind to. The teacher must care for the students; have the child’s best interest in mind. Being a teacher like the teachers who risked their lives for their students in the Sandy Hook shooting in Newtown, Connecticut, is not necessary but showing them respect and support and encouragement is. Most importantly, challenge the student. Set high standards and push the student to succeed in everything they set out to do. Call out the best from them by rewarding them with some praising words. Just remember do not speak words of devastation, cause humiliation, express indifference, use authority to cause fear, or act out of anger and frustration, and all will be good. Parents expect a lot from teachers. Parents expect their child to learn from his or her teacher what they cannot be taught at home. Parents want their child to gain knowledge of obedience, traditional values, admiration, good manners, and responsibility throughout their whole school experience (Covey). Parents want to be able to schedule a one on one conference with the teacher to discuss their child’s progress or any problems the child is having, and how they are doing in the class or if they are not doing so well how they can improve. Teacher’s ability to inspire children to learn should be acknowledge for enthusiasm or passion cannot be taught, but it can certainly be transferable. Also, the teacher’s ability to understand the child’s perspectives should also be acknowledged, because good teachers will see what their students need to succeed. Children should be free to make their own mistakes and not be afraid of being punished, how else will they learn if you do not give them any room. Yes children should be able to make their own decision; you should also give them space to express themselves freely. One thing that you can make sure of is wherever they are expressing themselves or making their own mistakes they are in a safe environment. Teachers also inspire one another. Teachers all have a common goal, so why not come together and share. A lesson that on teacher teaches may inspire on if not many other teachers to do/plan a similar lesson. No one teacher can know everything there is to know in this world, so they learn from each other. Social media is a great place for teachers to acquire ideas for a lesson. Sites such as Twitter, Facebook, and Pinterest are outstanding sites for teachers to connect with students and other teachers (Bort). Students benefit from this by having the opportunity to obtain assignments that they have missed and obtain information. Teachers benefit by having a way to communicate with students out of the class and get a hold of some inspiration (Vartan). Being a teacher is not an easy job. Teachers must always demonstrate leadership in multiple ways. A teacher should do everything that can to ensure that their students grow up to become a mature, responsible, and respectable person. Who knows the student may become the teacher and the teacher becomes the student. Works Cited Bort, Anji. Personal Interview. 13 Feb. 2013. Covey, Stephen R.The Leader in Me. New York: FranklinCovey Co. , 2008. Print. â€Å"Five Ways Good Teachers Change Lives. † Passing the Baton. WebSpark Design, 18 Nov 2009. Web. 16 Feb. 2013 http://www. passingthebaton. org Nebor, Jon N. The Role of the Teacher in School-Community Relations [microform] / Jon N. Nebor Distributed by ERIC Clearinghouse, [Washington, D. C. ]: 1984 http://www. eric. ed. gov Vartan, Starre. â€Å"How teachers use social media in the classroom to beef up instructions. † MNN, 2012. Web. 19 Feb. 2013 http://www. mnn. com.